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The name citrine refers to any quartz crystal or cluster that is yellow or orange in color.


Gemological Information
Color : Yellow, Orange
Refractive Index: 1.544-1.553
Chemical Composition: SiO2
Hardness: 7
Crystal Group: Trigonal
Ocurrence: Brazil, Uruguay, Mexico, Russia, USA.

Although, often cut as a gemstone, citrine is actually somewhat rare in nature. Most citrines on the market have been heat treated. Specimens of low grade inexpensive amethyst or smoky quartz are often cooked at high temperatures to produce the more profitable orange yellow citrine. Citrines with colors produced by artificial means tend to have much more of an orange or reddish caste than those found in nature which are usually a pale yellow. Much of the natural citrine may have started out as amethyst but heat from nearby magmatic bodies may have caused the change to citrine. Interestingly, a popular gemstone on the market is a mixture of half amethyst and half citrine and is given the name ametrine. Unfortunately, citrine is often confused with the more expensive orange-yellow topaz and is at times sold as topaz by unscrupulous dealers. This practice has soured many potential citrine fanciers who see citrine as a fake topaz and not as a legitimate gemstone.

 
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